What Is Plantar Fasciitis?
Understanding Plantar Fasciitis
Plantar fasciitis is inflammation of the plantar fascia—a thick band of tissue running along the bottom of the foot connecting the heel bone to the toes[1].
- Most common cause of heel pain, affecting approximately 10% of the population at some point in their lives[2].
- May be discovered during routine foot examination or when patients seek care for chronic, debilitating heel discomfort.
How Plantar Fasciitis Causes Pain
- The plantar fascia supports the arch of the foot and absorbs shock during walking and running. Repetitive stress can cause micro-tears and inflammation in the fascia.
- Chronic inflammation leads to abnormal blood vessel formation (neovascularization) around the damaged tissue, perpetuating pain[3].
- Some patients notice morning stiffness and heel pain that worsens with activity before any visible swelling develops.
Symptoms and When to See a Doctor
Common symptoms include:
- Persistent or recurring sharp heel pain, especially with first steps in the morning.
- Pain along the bottom of the foot that worsens after standing or physical activity.
- Chronic heel pain lasting more than 6 months despite conservative treatment.
- Tenderness to touch along the heel and arch of the foot.
Seek prompt medical attention for sudden, severe heel pain, rapidly increasing swelling, or inability to bear weight, which may indicate other urgent conditions such as stress fracture or rupture.